Carboxylase

Définitions de « carboxylase »

Carboxylase - Nom commun

• (Biochimie) Enzyme catalysant l'incorporation du dioxyde de carbone (CO2) dans des molécules intermédiaires.

  La carboxylase, cette enzyme singulière, est le rouage essentiel de la machinerie biochimique ; elle orchestre l'incorporation du dioxyde de carbone au cœur même des molécules intermédiaires.

Étymologie de « carboxylase »

Évolution historique de l’usage du mot « carboxylase » depuis 1800

Citations contenant le mot « carboxylase »

• La Rubisco, ou ribulose -1, 5- biphosphate carboxylase oxygenase, est la protéine la plus abondante sur terre. Elle contribue en effet à la photosynthèse de la majorité des végétaux. Très étudiée, elle n'est par contre pas utilisée en agroalimentaire, à cause de sa couleur verte mais aussi à son extraction qui rend difficile la conservation des propriétés nutritionnelles et fonctionnelles (solubilité, gélification, foisonnement...).

• Schneider’s research focuses on the protein pyruvate carboxylase, which is crucial for functional metabolism in humans. Schneider states, “Certain cancers love taking advantage of pyruvate carboxylase to rapidly grow and divide, making pyruvate carboxylase a promising drug target for cancer therapeutics. My project involves discovering drug-like inhibitors that target pyruvate carboxylase in cancer cells. Using verified pyruvate carboxylase inhibitors against cancer cells would cripple the cancer’s ability to depend on pyruvate carboxylase, reducing their ability to divide and metastasize.”

• Alabaster, A. et al. Deficiencies in acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase 1 differentially affect eggshell formation and blood meal digestion in Aedes aegypti. Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 41, 946–955 (2011).

• The researchers found that CO2 was introduced into the malonomycin structure, by a carboxylase enzyme that has never been characterised in bacteria before. Malonomycin carboxylase is most similar to a carboxylase enzyme in human cells which uses vitamin K to add CO2 to proteins in our bodies, triggering essential physiological responses including blood coagulation.

• The researchers generated wheat germplasms harboring herbicide tolerance mutations that confer tolerance to sulfonylurea-, imidazolinone- and aryloxyphenoxy propionate-type herbicides by base editing the acetolactate synthase (ALS) and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase genes of commercial wheat cultivar Kenong199.

• As a groundwork for creating a synthetic glycolyl-CoA carboxylase (GCC) the researchers developed a molecular model of the enzyme. Different variants of the enzyme were created based on a naturally occurring propionyl-CoA carboxylase, which is usually involved in fatty acid metabolism, as a scaffold by exchanging amino acid residues. This rational design strategy led to a 50-fold improvement of the enzyme's catalytic efficiency with glycolyl-CoA.

Traductions du mot « carboxylase »

Sources et ressources complémentaires

• Définitions du Wiktionnaire
• Définitions du TLFi